php Square Root with sqrt Function

To find the square root of a number in php, the easiest way is with the php sqrt() function.

echo sqrt(4); // Output: 2

Finding the square root of a number in php is easy. We can find the square root of both integers and floats using the php sqrt() function.

In mathematics, the square root of a number a square root of a number x is a number y such that y^2 = x.

In php, we can calculate the square root of positive numbers including 0, but for negative numbers, the sqrt() function returns NAN.

echo sqrt(4); // Output: 2
echo sqrt(16); // Output: 4
echo sqrt(2); // Output: 1.4142135623731
echo sqrt(-2); // Output: NAN

Finding the Square Root of Positive Number in php

In php, we can use the sqrt() function to find the square root of a positive number. The return value will also be of type float.

echo sqrt(9); // Output: 3
echo sqrt(25); // Output: 5
echo sqrt(7); // Output: 2.6457513110646

Finding the Square Root of a Negative Number in php

In php, if you pass a negative number to the sqrt() function, you will get NAN.

To calculate the square root of a negative number in php, we can use the php absolute value function abs() and then calculate the square root of the absolute value.

echo sqrt(-91.1237); // Output: NAN
echo sqrt(abs(-91.1237)); // Output: 9.5458734540114  (Not exactly correct though, see note below)
echo sqrt(abs(91.1237)); // Output: 9.5458734540114

One thing to note here is that the square root of a negative number is not equal to the square root of a postive number – we still need to consider imaginary numbers.

Implementing imaginary numbers is beyond the scope of this article. Mark Baker has put together a wonderful package for complex numbers in php that you can use for working with imaginary numbers.

Hopefully this article has been helpful for you to understand how you can find the absolute value of a number in using php.